任务型阅读高分技巧

                                 江苏海安曲塘中学 王菁华

任务型阅读旨在考查学生捕捉信息、组织信息、运用信息的能力。根据《08考试说明》，答题要求有三种：（1）每空一词 (2)每空一词，不得使用文章中的单词(3) 每空不得超过6个词。08年考查了每空一词的题型，09年考查每空一词的可能性很大，但难度可能较08年稍有增加。

要想在考试中得到高分，在平时的练习中要学会正确运用信息，具体要做到以下几点：

1、词形的正确使用：词性之间的转换；动词的过去式和过去分词；动词的第三人称单数；动词的ing形式；动词的主动态和被动态之间的转换；名词的数、性、格；形容词、副词的比较级和最高级等。

例1. It is very important to promote people’s awareness of protecting the environment./ Promoting people’s awareness of environment protection is of great importance.

易错提醒：（1）忽略动名词做主语，考生易直接从原文把promote搬过来。

（2）不会把动名词短语改为名词短语，也易直接把protecting抄下来。

（3）忽略词性的变化，没有掌握be+adj.=be of +n.（n为抽象名词，既前面形容词的名词形式）。

  例2. It is definite that we can live longer and have a higher quality of life if we can keep making progress. /If we can keep making progress, we can definitely live longer and have a higher quality of life.

易错提醒：易忽略形容词与副词之间的转换，没有注意到第二个句子应该用副词修饰动词live和have。

  例3. He is said to have gone abroad a few years ago. /He went abroad a few years ago.

易错提醒：考生看到he is said，易错填goes，却不知be said to have done表示的动作已经发生，另外根据a few years ago，更加确定应该填went。

例4. The opinion of the residents should be taken seriously/The government should take the residents’ opinion seriously.

易错提醒：粗心大意的考生只找到关键词residents就迫不及待地照抄下来，却没有注意到要用名词的所有格来代替of 。

例5. make advances/make much progress

give some advice/ give many suggestions/tips

易错提醒：考生往往容易忽视progress前面的much和suggestions/tips前面的many，所以就忽视了可数名词与不可数名词之间的转换。有时可数名词是否要用复数还要看上下文。

  例6. Mr. White used to be strong and healthy but now his health was ruined by alcohol. / Mr. White used to be healthier than now.

易错提醒：如果忽略了than，就容易写成healthy。另外也有同学不知道把y改i加er, 所以导致拼写错误。

2、正确运用同义词和反义词：

例1. She didn’t pass the exam/She failed the exam.

易错提醒：注意要使用一般过去时。

例2. Yesterday’s lecture was not interesting at all./ I felt very bored at yesterday’s lecture.

易错提醒：确定“有趣的”的反义词是“枯燥的”，但却很容易错填boring，因为忽略了主语已经由物（Yesterday’s lecture）变成了人(I )。

3、注意使用前缀和后缀：

例1. Many people lost their houses./Many people became homeless.

例2. Judging from the serious look on his face, I knew he was not satisfied./ His serious look told me that he was dissatisfied.

例3. The lady didn’t understand my true meaning/The lady misunderstood me.

易错提醒：平时若不夯实基础，不多积累这类词语，遇到这种题目就束手无策了。

4、注意句子结构的转换

例. He suggested a visit to the factory./He made a suggestion that we visit the factory./It was suggested that we (should) visit the factory.

易错提醒：考生很容易把visit错写成了visited，因为忽视了suggestion后面的从句要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形，should可以省略。

5、学会另选词语来释义

例. 原文…The ministry warned that thefts and robberies inside or near banks rose rapidly, with the victims mostly women and elderly people… It advised people not to take large amount of cash while traveling, especially during the approaching Spring Festival season, which always witnesses a large number of crimes.

   表格中的表述：Theft and robbery accounted for 80%; women and elderly people were mostly targeted for; people were advised to avoid taking a large amount of cash.

易错提醒：遇到这种较难的题目，切忌急躁，一定要静下心来认真阅读原文，充分理解了原文的意思后，一定能找到合适的词。

6、注意积累一些常考词汇。如：reason(s), cause(s), result(s), effect(s), influence(s), impact(s), consequence(s), advice, suggestion(s), tip(s), opinion(s), view(s), problem(s), measure(s), step(s), solution(s), way(s), method(s), approach(es), form(s), feature(s), characteristic(s), type(s), advantage(s), disadvantage(s), difference(s), similarities, name(s), age, time, cost, event(s), place(s), purpose(s), aim(s), goal(s)等。

易错提醒：注意单词的拼写以及单复数形式。

  总之，要想在高考中得到高分，平时练习时要做个有心人，对常犯的错误做分析记录，积累各种常用词和表达方法，学会分析句子结构等。